1. )). ½Å¾à ¼º°æ ¹ø¿ªÀ»À§ÇÑ ±âÁØÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 2. )). ºÎÁ¤ ºÎÆÐÀÇ ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º¿Í ¹æ¹ýÀ» ½Å¾à ¼º°æÀÇ ¹ø¿ªÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

3. )).  ÀÌ Áö¿ª¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀº "ÅØ½ºÆ® ºñÆÇÀ»"ÀÌ ¼­ºñ½ºÀÇ ÄÜÅÙÃ÷¸¦ ÇØÄ¥ ½Å¾à ¼º°æ°ú ¼º°æÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

¡¡

¡¡

1. )). ½Å¾à ¼º°æ ¹ø¿ªÀ»À§ÇÑ ±âÁØÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

2. )). ºÎÁ¤ ºÎÆÐÀÇ ÇÁ·Î¼¼½º¿Í ¹æ¹ýÀ» ½Å¾à ¼º°æÀÇ ¹ø¿ªÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

3. )).  ÀÌ Áö¿ª¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀº "ÅØ½ºÆ® ºñÆÇÀ»"ÀÌ ¼­ºñ½ºÀÇ ÄÜÅÙÃ÷¸¦ ÇØÄ¥
½Å¾à ¼º°æ°ú ¼º°æÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

 

¡¡

 

Criteria for New Testament  translation.

Corruption in the process and methods for the translation of the New Testament.

The influence of the area called "textual criticism" which has served to harm the contents

of the New Testament and the Bible. 

  Translated Text - Language = 
 1. )). ½Å¾à ¼º°æ ¹ø¿ªÀ»À§ÇÑ ±âÁØÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

2b. )).
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Ŭ¶ó¸®³Ý ¿¬ÁÖÇÕ´Ï´Ù. )). ÀÌ Áö¿ª¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀº "ÅØ½ºÆ® ºñÆÇÀ»"ÀÌ ¼­ºñ½ºÀÇ ÄÜÅÙÃ÷¸¦ ÇØÄ¥
½Å¾à ¼º°æ°ú ¼º°æÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

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8a. )).
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9a. )).
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10a. )).
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11a. )). the
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20a. )).
ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀϺÎÀÇ ¹ø¿ªÀÚ ½È¾úÀÇ Á¤È®µµ¸¦ ¼¼°è¿¡ ¼º°æ¿¡ ´ëÇØ Àß ¾Ë°íÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¶§¹®¿¡, ±×µéÀ» º¯°æ °áÁ¤ ¹× º¯°æÀ» À§ÇØ ½Å¾à ¼º°æÀÇ ÅØ½ºÆ®¸¦ Á¤È®Çϰí Á¶Á¤ÇÏ´Â Ã´ÇØ¾ß ÇÒ ÅØ½ºÆ®¸¦ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¹ø¿ªÀÚ´Â ¸¹Àº À̵éÀÌ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ¸¸µé¾î ¿À´Ã³¯ Àü¼¼°è ¸¹Àº ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¹ø¿ªÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

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21a. )).
´ç½Ã´Â 2 °³ÀÇ ¿µ¾î ¹ø¿ªÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¿µ±¹¿¡¼­, ±×¸®°í ±×µéÀº À¯Ã¢ÇÑ ¿µ¾î·Î, ±×¸®½ºÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº Ŭ·¡½ºÀÇ ÀϺÎÀÇ ÁöÀûÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº ÄÉÀÓ ºê¸®Áö ´ëÇп¡¼­ ±³¼ö. ±×µéÀº ±×µéÀÇ ÀÏÀ» ÁøÇà ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ¸¹Àº ±×µéÀÇ À§Á¶¿Í ³ª»Û ÀÛǰÀº ¾ø´Ù ±×·¡¼­ ¸¹Àº ¼ö½Ê³âÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


22a. )).
ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ±³¼ö (Ä·ºê¸®Áö, ¿Á½ºÆ÷µå) »ç¶÷ÀÌ µÎ ³ª»Û ¹ø¿ª ÀÛ¾÷¿¡ ¹Ý´ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌµé µÎ ±³¼ö°¡ Çлý Àü¿¡, ±×¸®°í ±×µéÀÇ ÀÌÀü¿¡ ¹Ý´ëÇÏ´Â ±×µéÀº ÈÆ·ÃÀ»ÇÏ°í ¼º°æÀ» ½È¾îÇÏ´Â °Í, ±×¸®°í ÀÇ»ç ¼ÒÅëÀÌ ½È¾îÇÏ´Â ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô·Á°í ³ë·ÂÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


23a. )).
±×µéÀÇ ³ë·ÂÀÌ ÁöÀû Á¤Á÷¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº °Ý¸® 1870-1881·Î ÀÏÇß´Ù. 1881 ³â¿¡, ±×µéÀÇ À߸øµÈ »çº»À» ¹ß±Þ °í´ë ±×¸®½º·Î ÀÛ¼ºµÈ ½Å¾àÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Ãæ½ÇÇÏ°Ô ¹ø¿ª ¼º°æµéÀ» ¸¸³ª±â·Î ¹ø¿ªÇÏ´Â À̵éÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¾à¼ÓÀ» ÁöÀûÇØ¾ß Áø½Ç°ú ½Å¾à ¼º°æÀ» Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô Àü´ÞÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×µéÀº ¸¹Àº º¯È­¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


24a. )).
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ µÎ ¹ø¿ªÀÚ´Â 5 õ ÀÌ»óÀÇ º¯°æ »çÇ× [5.000]À» ½Å¾à ¼º°æÀÇ ÅØ½ºÆ®¸¦ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±× °á°ú ±×µéÀº º¯È­ ½Å¾à ¼º°æÀÇ ¸¹Àº Àü ¼¼°èÀÇ Çö´ë ¹öÀü. ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀº ¿À´ÃÀÇ Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ ÀÛ¾÷ÀÌ À߸øµÈ ¹ø¿ªÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


25a. )).
¿ì¸® ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÛǰÀº ´Ü¼øÈ÷ ½Å¾à ¼º°æÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô ÀÇ»ç ¼ÒÅëÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. »õ·Î¿î Á¦¾È ¾Æ¹«°ÍµµÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ¾î¶² »õ·Î¿î ±³¸®¸¦ Á¦½ÃÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ½Å¾à ¼º°æ¿¡¼­ ¿ì¸®´Â ¹«¾ùÀԴϱîÀ» Á¦¾ÈÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â ´ÜÁö »ç¶÷À»À§ÇÑ Á¦¾ÈÀÇ °³³äÀ» ¾Ë°í »ç¶ûÀ»°¡ ½Å¾à ¼º°æ¿¡¼­ ¿¹¼ö ±×¸®½ºµµ¸¦ ¼±Æ÷ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

26a. )).
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27a. )).
¿À´ÃÀº ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ µÎ ±³¼ö ±³»ç °ÅÁþÀ¸·Î °£Áֵ˴ϴÙ. ±×µéÀº ´Ù¸¥ Àå¼Ò¿¡¼­ ÄÉÀÓ ºê¸®Áö ¿µ±¹¿¡¼­ ±³ÆíÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿Á½ºÆÛµå¿Í ÄÉÀÓ ºê¸®Áö´Â°¡ »ý°¢ÇϰíÀÖ´Â Á¡ À¯³äÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù ½ÉÀå (Áß¾Ó)Àº 19 ¼¼±â¿¡ ´ë¿µÁ¦±¹ (³â 1800-1899). ±×¸®°íÀÌ µÎ ±³¼ö´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ¿µ±¹¿¡ÀÖ´Â ±³È¸ ÁöµµÀÚ·Î °£ÁÖÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ¿µÇâ·ÂÀº ¸Å¿ì °­ÇÑ ÈÆ·ÃÀÌ ¸¹Àº ¼¼´ëÀÇ ¸ñȸÀÚ (¶Ç´Â ±âÂ÷¸¦ ¿Ã¹Ù¸£°Ô ¾È)¿¡ ¼­ºñ½º¸¦ ¿µ±¹ÀÇ Á¦±¹°ú Àü ¼¼°èÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


28a. )).
ÀÌµé µÎ ±³¼ö »çȸÀÇ ÁÖÀÎÀÌ ¿µ±¹¿¡¼­ ¸¹Àº ºñ¹ÐÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ÁöµµÀÚÀÇ ÁÖÀÎÀÌ Áß ÀϺΰ¡ ¿µ±¹¿¡ ºñ¹Ð. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±×µéÀÇ ÁÖÀÎÀÌ ¾î¶² ºñ¹ÐÀ» »çȸ¸¦ À§ÇØ ³²°Ü³õÀº ¶ÇÇÑ »ç¶÷ ÄÉÀÓ ºê¸®Áö¿¡ °¬´Ù.
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±×µéÀº ±×µéÀ» ¾î¶»°Ô À̰ÍÀ» ´Þ¼ºÇϱâ À§ÇØ ±³¼ö ÈÆ·ÃÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ »ç½ÇµéÀ» ÀÌÇØÇÏ·Á¸é À̺¥Æ®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ ³»¿ëÀº Á¤Ä¡¸¦ ÀÌÇØÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÀÇ ½Ã°£°ú ºñ¹Ð °á»çÀÇ ¿µÇâÀ», ±×¸®°í ¿µ±¹°ú ¹ÙƼĭ ±³È¸ÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 1688 ³â ÀÌÈÄÀÇ ½Ã´ë, ±³È¸ÀÇ ·Î¸¶ (¹ÙƼĭ)ÀÌ ½ÅÇÐÀÇ ÅëÁ¦±ÇÀ» ±¸ÇÏ´Â ³ë·Â°ú À̳äÀÇ °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ ±³È¸ÀÇ ¿µ±¹ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 1800 ³â´ë ÃʹÝÀÇ ¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀÌ À̰ÍÀ» ´Þ¼ºÇϱâ À§ÇØ ³ë·ÂÀ» ¸¸µé¾ú À×±Û·£µå :À̶ó ºÒ·È´Ù "¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀ» Ã¥ÀÚ"[¿µ¾î·Î À̰ÍÀº ÀüÈ­¿¡¼­ "tractarian ¿îµ¿"].


29a. )).
ÀÌ ±â°£ µ¿¾È 1800, ¸¹Àº ¼º°øÈ¸ ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ ¹× °ø¹«¿ø (¿µ±¹ÀÇ ±³È¸) ¸Á¸í°ú ±âµ¶±³¸¦ ¿Ü¸é ¹ÙƼĭÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ½Â·Á°¡ 1200 °³ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ±³È¸ »ç¶÷µéÀº ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ ¸Á¸íÇϱâ À§ÇØ »ç¶÷À» °¡¸£Ä¥°ú ¹ÙƼĭÀÇ ±³¸®¸¦ ¼³±³¿¡ µû¸£¸éÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº ºñ¹Ð¼­¸¸ Å»ºÏÀÚÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Å»ºÏÀÚ ÇÕÀÇÇϰí È«º¸¸¦ Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î °¡¸£Ä¡´Â ½ÅÇÐÀÇ »õ ¹ÙƼĭÀ» À¯ÁöÇÒ»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±×µéÀÇ À§Ä¡¿Í Á¦¸ñ°ú ¿µ±¹ ±³È¸ÀÇ °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ ¿µÇâ·ÂÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


30a. )).
±×·¯³ª ±³È¸ÀÇ ¿µ±¹ (°íü ¹× ÁöÀû ÇÁ·Î Å×½ºÅºÆ® ±³È¸)´Â ¿©·¯ Ãø¸é¿¡¼­ ¸¹Àº ÀÌÀ¯·Î °ø°ÝÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿µ±¹ ±³È¸ÀÇ ³»ºÎ¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ ±×·ì¿¡ ÀÖ¾úÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±³¼ö¿Í ÇлýÀÌ ±×·ìÀº ÄÉÀÓ ºê¸®ÁöÀÇ »çȸ¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °ø½ÄÀûÀ¸·Î,ÀÌ ±³¼öÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀº ÇöóÅæÀÇ ÃßÁ¾ÀÚ·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ®ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±×°ÍÀº À§Àå ºÒ°úÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ±³¼ö (±â°£ÀÇ ½Ã°£ µ¿¾È¿¡ 17 ~ 19 ¼¼±â) ½ÇÁ¦·Î´Â occultistsÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀ» ½ÅºñÀÇ Á¶ÇÕÀ» ¹Ï°í (¾Ç¸¶ ¼ÒÁö)¿Í ¿µÁöÁÖÀÇ (ºñ¹Ð Áö½Ä ¾Ç·É¿¡ ÀÇÇØ µå·¯³µ½À´Ï´Ù).

À̵éÀÇ ¿µÇâ·ÂÀÌ ³²¾Æ ÄÉÀÓ ºê¸®Áö ±³¼öÀÇ ÈÆ·Ã ½Ã°£À» Àü±îÁö´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Æ¯¼ö 2 °³ÀÇ ±³¼ö, ´©±¸´Â ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ÆÄ±«, º¯°æ, º¯°æÀ» ÁغñÇϱâ À§ÇØ ½Å¾à ¼º°æÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» ´Ù¸¥ ¸Þ½Ã¾Æ, 1 ¿¹Ãø°ú ¾ÆÁ÷ »ç¶÷ÀÌÀÖ°Ô ¸¶·ÃÀÌÁö¸¸ »ç¶÷Àº ¸» ±×´ë·Î, ½ÇÁ¦ ¶Ç´Â ½ÇÁ¦ ¿¹¼ö ±×¸®½ºµµÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


31a. )).
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀþÀº Çлý ½Åºñ·Î¿î the platonist ±³¼öÀÇ »ç·Ê ¹× ½Åºñ·Î¿î ¹æ¹ýÀ» °¡¸£ÃÆ´Ù. ±×µéÀº °¡¸£ÃÆ´Ù¿¡ ¿¬¶ôÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¿¡ Á×Àº »ç¶÷µé°ú °­½Å ¼úÀ»ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý, °øºÎÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¹è¿ì´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÇ ºñ¹Ð, ±×¸®°í °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ ½ÅÇÐÀ» º¯°æÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ µ¿ÀÏÇÑ µÎ °³ÀÇ ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ±³¼ö°¡ ´Ù¸¥ Èï¹Ìµµ : ±×µéÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ±³È¸ÀÇ ÀϺΠ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ¿òÁ÷ÀÓÀ» ÅëÁ¦ ¹Ø¿¡ÀÇ ±³È¸¸¦ µ¹¾Æ ·Î¸¶ (¹ÙƼĭ). ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº ±³¼öÀÇ ¸¶¸®¾Æ¿Í ÀÛ¾÷¿¡ µµ¿òÀ» ¼þ¹è ¿îµ¿À»ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ ±³¸®¸¦ ¹Ý´ëÇÏ´Â °³½Å±³µµµéÀº Á¾±³ °³Çõ°ú °Ý·ÁÀÇ ÁöÀû ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ µÎ ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿î ÀÌ¿ëÀ» µ½±â À§ÇØ ±³¼ö ÇØ¸¦ ±âµ¶±³¿Í ¼º°æÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀÌ ¼ÓÇÑ »çȸÀÇ ºñ¹ÐÀ» ¿¬±¸ ±Í½ÅÀÇ »çȸ·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ®ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Àα⸦ µ½°í°úÀÇ ÀÇ»ç ¼ÒÅë ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¾Ë¾Æº¸½Ê½Ã¿À ¾Ç¸¶°¡ ¿µÈ¥ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª À̵éÀº ±³¼ö¿Í ÇлýÀÌ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Áö½ÄÀ» °è¼Ó »ç¿ë ±âµ¶±³¸¦ º¯°æÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

32a. )).
À̵éÀÇ ³ë·ÂÀÇ °á°ú¸¦ ±×µéÀÇ ÇãÀ§ ÇãÀ§ ±³¼ö°¡ ¹ø¿ª ÀÛ¾÷ÀÇ ¸ðµç ºÎºÐÀ» ÂïÀº ¼¼°èÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ °æ¿ì, ±×µéÀÇ »õ·Î¿î ¹× ¹ß¸í [ÇãÀ§] ÅØ½ºÆ®ÀÇ ½Å¾à [ÀÛ¼ºµÈ °í´ë ±×¸®½º]Àº ½Å¾à ¼º°æÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÀÇ ±Ù°Å·Î ¿Ü±¹¾î·Î ¹ø¿ªÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


33a. )).
±×¸®½º¾î ½Å¾à ¼º°æÀÌ ºÎÆÐ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±¹¹Î 1882 ³â¿¡ ÃâÆÇµÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×°ÍÀº ´ÜÁö·Î ¹ø¿ªµÇ¾ú´Ù·ÎºÎÅÍ °ø½ÄÀûÀÎ ½Å¾à [¿Ü±¹ÀÎ ¹öÀü] 1910 ³â ÁÖº¯¿¡ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. »çÀÌ¿¡ 1882¿Í 1910, ¹ø¿ª [¿Ü±¹ ¹ø¿ª] °³º°ÀûÀ¸·Î °è»êµÇ¾î¾ßÇÕ´Ï´Ù.


34a. )).
±×·¯³ª 1910 ³â ÀÌÈÄ, °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç »õ·Î¿î testamentsÀÇ Á¶¼± Á¶¼±ÀÇ ¾ð¾î·Î ¹ø¿ªµÇ¾îÀÖ´ÂÀÌ ÇãÀ§°¡ ±×¸®½º¾î ½Å¾à ¼º°æÀ» »ç¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù. À̵éÀÇ ÇÐÀÚ ´©±¸? ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÇãÀ§ ±³¼ö ´©±¸? ÅØ½ºÆ®¸¦ ºñÆÇÇÏ´Â ÀÌµé ´Ü¾î¸¦ º¯°æÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷Àº ½Å¾à ¼º°æÀ» ½Ãµµ?
±×µéÀº ¾Ë·ÁÁø [¿µ¾î ¹ßÀ½]À» westcott ¾¾ ±×¸®°í ȦƮ ¾¾.


35a. )).
¸¹Àº ÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ ±×µéÀÇ ÇãÀ§ ÀÛ¾÷À» ´çÇß´Ù°íÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¸¹Àº ÇÐÀÚ¸¦ Àοëó·³ ±×µéÀÇ Á÷ÀåÀ̳ª ÀÌÇØ¸¦ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÌµé µÎ ±³¼öÀÇ ¿µ¾î ¹ø¿ªÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ À̵é ÇÐÀÚµéÀº ³²¼º »ç¶÷ ¾ø´Ù ±âµ¶±³ Çϳª´ÔÀ» »ç¶ûÇÕ´Ï´Ù. À̵éÀÇ ÇÐÀÚ ±âµ¶±³ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò¾î¿ä. ±×µéÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¹öÀüÀ» °Ô½ÃÇϱâ À§ÇØ ½Å¾à ¼º°æ ±âµ¶±³ ±àÁ¤ÀûÀÎ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡°í ÁßÁöÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀº ±âµ¶±³¸¦ ´Ù¸¥ ¹öÀü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Èñ¸ÁÀ» ´ëüÇÒ ½Å¾à ¼º°æÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ ³ë·Â ´öºÐ¿¡, ±×¸®°í ±×µéÀÇ ÃßÁ¾ÀÚ¿¡ ³ë·ÂÀ», ±×µéÀº °ÅÀÇ ¼º°øÇß½À´Ï´Ù.


36 A
ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. )). ÀÌ ÁÖÁ¦¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â ÀÌ¹Ì ¸¹Àº µµ¼­¸¦ ³íÀÇ¿¡´Â ¸¹Àº µµ¼­¸¦ ¼³¸íÇØ ´Þ¼ºÇÏ·Á´Â ÀÌµé µÎ ÇãÀ§ ±³¼ö´Â, ±×·¯³ª ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ¿µ¾î¿¡¼­¸¸ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼öÀÖ´ÂÀÌ Ã¥µéÀº ¾ð¾î (±×Áß¿¡ ¸î ¸íÀº¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù µ¶ÀϾî).


37a. )).
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38a. )).
¿ì¸®ÀÇ À̸ÞÀÏ ÁÖ¼Ò´Â ÀúÈñ À¥»çÀÌÆ®¿¡ °Ô½ÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¹®¼­°¡ ¿ì¸®°¡ ¾Æ´Â ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ±ô¦ ¼öÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ À̵éÀÇ ¿ª»ç´Â »ç½ÇÀ»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ½Ã°£ÀÌ °°Àº »ç½ÇÀ» °ø°³ÇßÀ» ƯÁ¤ ÇãÀ§ Á¾±³ÀûÀÎ ±³»ç¿¡ ´ëÇØÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±âµ¶±³¿Í ½Å¾à (Á¤È®ÇÑ ¹öÀüÀÇ ½Å¾à) ³²¾Æ Áø½ÇÇÏ°í º»°ÝÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÌ¹Ì ¸¹Àº ¼¼·ÂÀ» ½ÃµµÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍµéÀ» °¡¸£Ä¥ ¿ª»ç, ±âµ¶±³ÀÇ À̸§À¸·ÎÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÇ »ý°¢ÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ Áö¿ø, ±×¸®°í ¾ç½ÉÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

39a. )).
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Criteria for New Testament  translation.

Corruption in the process and methods for the translation of the New Testament.

The influence of the area called "textual criticism" which has served to harm the contents

of the New Testament and the Bible.

 

 

 

 

 

Do 

You 

Have 

the 

Courage

to seek

Truth

in the 

pursuit

of your

spiritual 

life ?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

=====================================

 

=====================================

 

 

 ÀÌ ¼½¼Ç ¼Ò°³ : 4 ¼¼Æ®ÀÇ ±âÁØÀ» ½Å¾à ¼º°æ [nt / ot] ¹ø¿ªÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

½Å¾à ¼º°æ ÅØ½ºÆ®¸¦ ¼±Åà - ¿µÀû »óŸ¦ ¹ø¿ª -

 
¾ð¾îÀû Áö½ÄÀ» ¹ø¿ª - ¿Ü±¹¾î ¹ø¿ªÀÇ ¿ª»ç

 

 

Criteria for New Testament [NT /OT ] translation.   Translated Text - Language = KOREAN
 Introduction to this section: 4 sets of Criteria for New Testament [NT /OT ] translation.

Choice of New Testament Text - Spiritual State of Translators -

Linguistic Knowledge of Translators -

History of Foreign Language Translations



The Process of Corruption of Christianity. 

The Process of confusing for the masses. 

The methods used to deny hope to most people

The effects of this movement in academic circles. 

The effects upon the global culture. 

The problem of corruption of the Text of the New Testament

The solution to the corruption of the Text of the New Testament

The questions to ask about Translations of the New Testament in order to have confidence in accurate Translations. 

How to find Encouragement and Strength

Textual Criticism and the methods used to change the words of the Bible

------------------------

[we have numbered most of the paragraphs, so that you can compare the English version with the foreign-language or translated version you may be also reading]


It seems as though it is an easy issue: What is true and authentic Christianity ? 

1)) . The question is sometimes difficult to answer, because of the many forces that operate behind the scenes in an attempt to keep the truth from the people and the public through actions of censorship. 

2)). Allowing the common people to think for themselves remains a right which is given to every person by God. It is up to each of us to decide what we believe about God and Religion and Christianity. 

3.)) It remains true that when we speak of Christianity we are not speaking about the Vatican or the Roman Catholic Church. That is a difficult statement for some people. It is so easy to decide that conflicting opinions or conclusions can all be correct at the same time, that there is no need to arrive at any one conclusion. 

4.)) Often that approach is easier. It does not require courage to agree with everyone. It does not require courage to choose to believe that every one is right. It does not require to learn how to defend what each individual believes, if all we must do is agree to be silent. The controversy is not so much censorship as it is our voluntary censorship of ourselves. 

We know that the idea of any search for personal answers or for truth or for ultimate reality makes some people uncomfortable. It is hard for each of us to learn to give ourselves permission to think. 

5.)) All day long, we all face messages from the media and from our institutions that keep telling us to NOT think for ourselves, simply to let the decision makers decide everything for us. Democracy democracy¡¦that is such a noble concept in theory. But in practice, there are the same very few people or groups that direct those democracies because most of us do not have the time to participate or to find out what really takes place. 

6.)) The same is true in the area of Religion or Christianity. For ourselves we do not advocate any new doctrine. We do not advocate any new concept. We only have the small hope of reminding people that they can find the answers to their questions in the pages of the New Testament. 

7.)) It is easy to become confused about Christianity. Christianity is often confused with organized religion and with those who rule over society as though they were aristocrats. But such undemocratic methods are usually do not have Christian origins. The God of Christianity affirms that each of us is created in His image and that God values each and every single one of us. 

8.)) God wants all people to be saved. God wants all people to have Eternal Life. But there are many forces that have tried to confuse the people concerning the issue of how to have a personal relationship with God. 

9)). God does Not want people to be compelled or forced to pay others in order to understand the message of how to find God, or how to achieve reconciliation with God. That message is Free. That information is Free. 

10.)) Christianity or true and authentic Christianity is NOT a system of obtaining salvation (Eternal Life) by good works. 

11.)) Christianity or true and authentic Christianity is NOT a system that requires any one to worship or give adoration to any statue or graven image, a practice that was rejected by the Early Church and the First Christians and the Early Church Councils. 

13.)) Christianity or true and authentic Christianity is NOT a system that requires us to confess our sins to any priest in order to obtain the forgiveness of sins from God. God forgives us for the sins (errors or mistakes) that we make when we ask God to forgive us, 
And pray to Him for this request ¡°in the name of Jesus¡±. 

14.)) The biggest secret about Christianity is that Salvation (Eternal Life) is Free. 

15.)) Salvation is Free for those who simply ASK God to receive it. 


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16.)) Life can be difficult. Life can be very challenging. Many people have questions, and those same individuals have had those questions for many many years. 

17.)) Christianity should be concerned about the process of providing answers, answers that people can use and that will be helpful and encouraging to people. 

18.)) True and authentic Christianity does attempt to do this, and to help people learn how they can be reconciled to God simply by reading the New Testament for themselves and finding the answers about God for themselves. The God of Heaven is a God of Forgiveness and Love. 

19.)) There was a movement called the Reformation about 400 years ago. Its main purpose was to force leaders to stop using Christianity to increase their own power, and to start communicating Christianity in a manner that was accurate and that would help individuals. 

20.)) It is the leaders in the Reformation who began to teach every person how to read. 

21)). It is the leaders of the Reformation who proclaimed that Education should be made available to everyone

22.)) It is the leaders of the Reformation who believed that individuals should be able to decide for themselves who should be their leaders. 

23.))These concepts of Freedom and individual liberty came out of the time period of the Reformation. 

24.)) But many people today do not want others to learn about the Reformation. It is easy to dismiss history. It is easy to believe that there is something wrong with all religion, or with any questions about Religion or God. People have questions about religion and God because those are the questions that GOD placed inside the heart of each person. 

25.)) We are each created in the image of God and we are each of us designed so that we will want to find God, we will want to ask questions, we will want to find answers. Those answers must demonstrate to us that God does love us and God cares about us, AND that God is able to love us even though we are not perfect and even though we make mistakes. 

26.)) Christianity in the New Testament Provides those answers, and they are very encouraging. (Those who have not read the New Testament should begin the Gospel of John as this is a good place to start).




27.)) Because of the Reformation, a problem arose in Western Civilization. The problem was that too many people were finding answers. Too many people were finding God. Too many people were arriving at the conclusion that God Did exist, God DOES exist and that He WANTS to be involved with each individual. 

28.)) This was a problem for some leaders. The problem was that the people were finding too much encouragement. The people were not able to be discouraged. The people were not turning to their leaders in order to find answers. People were turning instead to the pages and the content of the New Testament. 

29.)) A movement was developed to stop this process. A movement was created to oppose the finding of spiritual solutions. This movement pretented that it was trying to find answers. But that was not correct. This movement was invented by people who were opposed to the idea of God. 

30.)) In academic terms, this movement [which was born in France and Germany] was called Textual Criticism. 

31.)) It would be more accurate to call it the movement to attack the Bible and Christianity. But it was promoted by many professors and those who were instructors in Universities. Some of those had good intentions. Others confused being in opposition to the leaders of the Roman Catholic Church had to also involve opposition to Christianity. 

32.)) Professors began to try to undermine and destroy Christianity and everything associated with Christianity. They deny this, but this is what they accomplished. This movement was deliberate, it was guided, it was directed. In many ways it was coordinated., and the result today is that most people know almost nothing about True Christianity. Most of the information has been destroyed, and it is now much more difficult to find out about the historic events of the past. 

33.)) The books (written by these Textual Critics) do still exist, but most people do not read them, and they do not understand why they should care. 

34.)) The problem is that in almost all cases, the movement known as ¡°textual criticism¡± has been wrong. Almost all of its complaints have been proven to not be valid. 

35.)) Its statements disputing the history and accuracy of the Bible, have also been proven to be wrong.

36.)) Christianity DOES have the answers that people are trying to find. Christianity and the entire Bible ARE accurate, historical and scientific. 

37.)) But, it is true that much of this information is still censored. Most professors are still not allowed to discuss these subjects. If the professors want to mock or speak bad about Christianity, THAT is permissible. But if a professor wants to defend Christianity or explain how it can help people, that is often not allowed in an academic situation. 

38.)) This means that censorship is really what is guiding the answers about Christianity. 

39.)) It is important for each of us to make a personal commitment to decide to find these answers for ourselves. 

40.)) The internet does provide a method to find those answers, but many of those answers are still hidden in front of us. 

41.)) We cannot understand or find the answers, because we do not know HOW to find those answers. 

42.)) That is true, and this remains true, even when we are concerned with the subject of the New Testament and the Translations of the New Testament into modern languages. 



43.)) We return to the original problem which was uncovered: that certain forces (political and spiritual) did NOT want people to find information about Christianity, because this would provide too many people with too much freedom, and too many answers. 

44.)) It should be obvious (if this must be stated) that Christianity does NOT produce chaos. Christianity produces people who are good citizens, who want to try to help others, and who want to try to be positive. 

45.)) True and authentic Christianity is a positive force on the planet. Do not confuse True Christianity with a few of the Bad leaders who used and mis-used Christianity for their own bad intentions and bad actions. 

46.)) Bad leaders often attempt to use good things in for their bad intentions. That is one of the reasons why True Christianity is necessary, to bring help and hope to the regular people. 


----------------------

47.)) It is not a surprise that two very effective methods were found to use against Christianity. The first was to try to work to harm it from the outside and the second was to try to harm it from the inside. 

48.)) Leaders (bad leaders) found out that if they could not stop people from learning to be Free because of the New Testament, maybe they could still stop the process of people finding God and learning more about Him by changing the words of the New Testament. 

49.)) This is the goal of the movement that has come to be known as ¡°textual Criticism¡±. Please remember that its first goal was to overthrow Christianity and to prevent everyday people from finding truth and personal encouragement. After all, people who have no hope and no reason to be encouraged and no reason to have Hope of a better personal life are easier to control. The goal of Textual Criticism was a movement within literature to destroy hope. 

50.)) That may seem shocking for a few seconds, but we all can know and relate to the truth of this: literature that is praised and that is revered usually is the kind of literature that takes HOPE and personal encouragement away from people. Camus and Sartre are among the leaders in this kind of literature. 

51.)) It makes people think, but in a manner that denies hope and denies meaning and significance for each of us in our individual lives. That is the entire point, the goal of having people read it: to believe in the myth that there is NO hope. 





Textual Criticism operates on two levels: 1). The academic level and 2). The Popular level. 

52.)) Most of the time, most of us are impacted – by Textual Criticism [spiritual discouragement against True Christianity] - through the culture. Most of us do not realize that the popular level of discouragement against Christianity is being usually directed by the academic level. 

53.)) But over and over, it is the quotations and statements made by academics who are Textual Critics who are attempting to undermine Christianity through their actions, their statements, their books and their articles. 

54.)) It is easy to deny all of this. It is much easier to deny all of this than to actually start thinking, and asking questions, and learning answers. The truth will set you Free, but that does not signify that finding the truth is easy or without effort. 

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55.)) A simple method had to be found in order to undermine Christianity, within its own institutions. And this method was to confuse the ¡°credentials¡± and ¡°certification¡± of an individual, with the substance of what they believed in their heart. 

56.)) There did exist an old system to chose a Pastor or a Bishop to direct the operations of a local church or a local congregation. This is the same method that has been used all over the world. The method is to find a person from within the local congregation and train that person to become a Pastor. 

56.)) The people would know that person, and they would have the chance to also watch that person grow and learn about spiritual matters and then be able to help and encourage the members of the local congregation or the local church. 

57.)) But this process was found to provide too much freedom and spiritual encouragement to the people. A different method had to be found, and some political leaders began to search for a method of training Pastors or Bishops that could be controlled and regulated from thousands of miles away. The solution was found in the system of the Roman Catholic Church. It developed a hierarchy and a method of promoting the centralization of authority and also a centralization to the information about Christianity. 

58.)) Over time, more and more of the information ABOUT Christianity was NOT shared or given to the congregations, and most congregations that stayed in alliance with the Vatican lost control over their local congregation and also lost the information about Christianity. This is NOT simply a phenomenon in Roman Catholic Circles. 

59.)) Martin Luther had barely died when corrupt leaders began trying to accomplish the same process in the Lutheran Church. Luther taught personal freedom, personal knowledge, personal study, and personal answers, all based on a personal God. (Luther made mistakes in a few things, but most of his ideas and explanations were correct, as He explained in the forty volumes that he wrote. [ Melancthon, Zwingli {Zwinglius}, Beza (de Beze), and Calvin provided encouragement and solutions that made political leaders afraid because they did not want the people to have so much personal spiritual information that would help them so much ].

60.)) The political leaders changed many of the doctrines clarified by Martin Luther, and continued to merge the Lutheran organizations with other groups, until the result was the [German] Lutheran Church of the 1930s. It was a disastrous combination with horrible effects, for every one. 

61.)) The process was stopped, but the corruption of many Church Institutions and religious state institutions did not stop or vanish. It simply moved to other places. This process took place because of the events in German speaking nations during the 1800s. At that time, a merger took place, a union was accomplished. It was the unification of the Lutheran leadership with the leadership of the movement of Textual Criticism. 

62.)) That premise may be criticized. But do not confuse criticism with denial. The same process also took place in England with the fusion (integration) of Textual Criticism with the Anglican (Episcopalian) Church. The same process ALSO took place in the United States, except that specific process in USA has been slower and more difficult because people there have valued freedom of thinking and personal liberty so much. 

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Textual Criticism and the methods used to change the words of the Bible



63.)) There was a process used to change the content of the New Testament. Now this will be sometimes be denied. Sadly, it is even denied more often by those professors who teach in Religious Universities and in Seminaries, and the problem is most severe in Christian Evangelical and Protestant Seminaries. The reason is because so many of those Educational Institutions and denominations have made alliances with very large publishing companies, and also with the system of promotion for religious Professors. Both the economic systems of the publishers and the system of promotion for Academic professors are designed and intended to sell millions and millions of books and educational works that will not communicate truth or accuracy to the very students and people they are supposed to inform. 

64.)) This is not difficult to prove: no matter what the nation or the language, over and over, publishers are caught publishing books that do NOT reflect history and the records of history in a manner which is accurate. 

65.)) Many facts are simply wrong, the dates are wrong, the people described are obviously not from that era, and the inconsistencies are simply due to the speed and bad quality of the process of publishing. The books look great. The quality of the paper and the pictures is very good. 

66.)) But the content is horrendous and inaccurate. And while many mistakes are present because of the folly of large publishers, other mistakes are present because those mistakes are introduced because of the authors, who are intentionally attempting to mislead and educate those audiences. 

67.)) In Textual Criticism, just like in the academic area of philosophy the goal is constantly the same: to allow you to ask questions, to allow you to seek answers, only NOT any answers that will make sense or will be helpful to you. You may also ask questions, but only as long as you do not conclude that you have found ¡°truth¡±. 

68.)) When a student makes a claim that he either a) believes in truth, or b) has found truth, a strong feeling of resentment and panic is created in the hearts of the academic professors who teach in the field of philosophy. What they do not want you to realize is that their entire mission is designed to make sure that you are always confused, will never find the answers, will not know where to look, and that you will give up on your search for God, or for truth. The goal of the professors in these areas of ¡°expertise¡± is not to share truth. They obviously cannot share truth because they do not claim to even have it, or know how to find it. Their goal is to persuade you that YOU cannot find the truth either. These professors are not attempting to bring you encouragement, answers or hope. They bring job security to themselves. They usually also try to insist on the ignorance of the students. 

69.)) What would these professors want ? for a student to claim to find truth, or to claim to know what the answers are, and demonstrate the folly of the professors ? Finding answers for many of the professors is something that they find to be a serious intellectual problem. Most of the professors seek security and material comfort, not truth, not answers. 


70.)) In earlier times, this process was different in the area of Religious Training and in Christian Seminaries. [A Seminary is an institution of professional instruction that trains people how to be Pastors of local congregations].

71.)) In the old days, (about 200 years ago), Professors were true Christians, they had studied history, they knew the answers, and they were committed to the cause of promoting, advancing and encouraging as many people as possible to become Christians. 

72.)) Many of the professors were involved in also working as Pastors, or as helping others in their local community. Today, most academic Professors who teach ABOUT Christianity are NOT Christians themselves. In fact, most academic professors who instruct students ABOUT Christianity are opposed to Christianity. 

73.)) Most of those professors despise Christianity. They often confuse Christianity with the Roman Catholic Church, and they also falsely believe that Christianity produces false solutions instead of authentic solutions. 

74.)) Most of those professors have NOT investigated Christianity for themselves. Most of them did not have the answers. They did not find the answers, and in many cases, they did not want to know the truth. What they wanted was personal material comfort and a regular academic salary. They are not risk takers, and they are usually opposed to risk takers, those who ask questions and those who try to find truth. 

75.)) This leaves students in the position of being required to obtain their answers, by discounting or disregarding what their professors are teaching to them. In many cases, professors do not want students to find truth. What they want is worship and adoration, they want to be treated as though they are God, as though they should not be questioned, as though they have all the answers. 

Many of these professors achieve their own selfish comfort at the expense of their students. 

76.)) Many of these professors not only despise God, but they also despise anyone who asks genuine questions about God. Asking those questions serves to remind them that they have turned away from their own search for truth and answers. In many ways, those professors want the total conformity of the student. 

77.)) Many students find themselves asking questions that could be answered by professors, who care only to try to make sure that the students do not know where to look and do not find the answers for themselves. The professors do not care to inform students of what they have learned. Many of the professors at secular institutions are afraid to question the status-quo because they could lose their job. Most of them have taken their job as educators on the premise of keeping answers From students. 

78.)) In Religious institutions and seminaries, professors are afraid also to loose their job, but they also afraid to take a public stand against positions that bring in large amounts of income to the publishers and also to their Seminary or their Religious Institution. In other words, those seminaries still worship God, only this new God has a new name : Money. 

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79.)) The Process of Textual Criticism began actively in the 1800s. It became the goal of many of the academic professors - also known as Textual Critics – to attempt to verbally attack and undermine all aspects of Christianity. This is NOT true because we state this. It is these professors who confess to this, over and over and over. They are the ones who left their biographies and books behind. They openly state their own goals and agenda in their books. It is very obvious that they were trying to undermine Christianity and that they were opposed to genuine spiritual freedom, or genuine spiritual knowledge. 

80.)) They began most of their work in France and Germany. But they quickly adapted themselves to English and began work in England and the United States. 

81.)) They began to replace portions of the New Testament with other sections and other verses that they thought aught [should be] to be in the Bible. Most of these academics understood that they could not oppose doctrine in an honest or open manner, so they devised (invented) a substitute: if they could change and alter certain passages and verses in the Bible that was the basis for a theological doctrine or statement about God, the professors would be able to affect that doctrine simply by changing, altering or removing the verses. 

82.)) They began this work very slowly and methodically. They explained their changes over many decades and simply a little bit at a time. Most people did not understand how to examine their work or what was taking place. The result was that over time, the versions of the New Testament that have been printed and published since 1911 have been changed, altered and corrupted, in a manner that has changed and altered the contents of the New Testament. 

83.)) The result has been predictable: Christians today are not less confused but more confused. They do not understand the Bible that they read, they do not understand the words or the context, and they do not know how those versions have been changed or altered, therefore they do not understand that they have been deceived. 

84)). There are a few main culprits to this process. Their names are known to those who are Textual Critics. Most of the time, these names are spoken with Holy Reverence in academic circles. 

85.)) These men are praised as geniuses, innovators, men of original thought and brilliance, all because they dared to opposed God and Christianity and attempted to replace the historic text of the New Testament with their invented text. 

86.)) Their names of Textual Critics are :
1. Professor Griesbach. Professor Tischendorf 3. Professor Lachmann 4. Professors Westcott and Hort, and 5. Professor Nestle Sr. (and in the case of the Old Testament, Professor Rudolph Kittel who openly said that the Old Testament was false, and his wicked son Nazi theologian Professor Gerhard Kittel who was justifiably tried for Nazi War Crimes). 

87.)) Please note that the Old Testament edition of Professor Kittel Sr is the – yes THE EDITION of the Old Testament that is used in all Modern editions of the Bible and the Old Testament in almost all Languages including English. We do not presently know of any Modern edition in English of the Old Testament that is NOT based on the work of Kittel, and Kittel is the one who said that Jehovah and Elohim were 2 DIFFERENT Gods and that the Old Testament was wrong, and that the original Old Testament had been lost before the time of Christ. 

88.)) The implication is obvious for students of Christianity. Jesus Christ attributed the Old Testament explicity and directly to Moses, in the statements of Jesus Christ in the New Testament. 

89.)) If Kittel is right and the Pentateuch is NOT authored by Moses, this means that Jesus Christ is a Liar, and obviously a self-deceived one. The conclusion is obvious then, that Kittel - the man who translated the Old Testament for all modern Christians - is saying that:
Jesus Christ was NOT the Son of God, 
Jesus Christ was Not Accurate, 
Jesus Christ was Not Divine and 
Jesus Christ was Not the Savior (redeemer) of anyone. 
[Kittel¡¯s words are originally written in German so people can read it for themselves in either German or English].

90.)) Nestle Junior (the son of Nestle Senior) worked with Professor Aland, Professor E. Nida, and Carlo Martini. It should also be noted that Nestle Senior (the elder Nestle) was a student who was personally trained by Professor Tischendorf the promoter of the always corrupt Codex Sinaiticus. [There are books that document these issues – their titles will be included at the end]

91.)) These issues have not been dealt with in Germany. Most of the time, the reason is instant discouragement. The first discouragement is felt (experienced) on the inside of the person who makes the discoveries. The next discouragement is the result of realizing that many of the religious Christian leaders in Germany did not care enough about this topic to risk their own sense of comfort. 

92.)) The obvious solution is to do research on these Textual Critics. Much of the research is available in German, and in English also. It Is easy to decide that this does NOT affect a foreign version of the Bible or the New Testament, but that is NOT the case. 


93.)) The Versions of the New Testament that were changed were not only German versions. Most of the time, the editions of the New Testament that have been changed and altered are in Ancient Greek, or Biblical Greek also called Koine Greek. These are New Testaments written in Ancient Greek, and for this reason, almost all versions in other languages, and including in modern languages have been changed and altered around the planet over the past 100 to 150 years. 

94.)) These Anti-God Anti-Reformation Anti-Christianity Textual Critics have succeeded in their goal: to replace the historic Bible with their own version. The entire point of the exercise was not only to replace Christianity with a false imitation, but also to replace the real historic Jesus Christ with a modern counterfeit. To a very large extent they are succeeding. The lines of demarcation of what Jesus Christ said and taught have been and continue to be altered, not only OUTSIDE of the Bible, but especially Inside of it more and more. And the last book of the Bible, the book of Revelation, continues to undergo changes also, a little bit more with each new version, each new printing, each new edition. The changes are subtle and hard to identify until a person is able to learn what the text should be. Then those changes are noticed more and more. Professor Tischendorf more than 100 years ago, said that his own changes numbered more than SIX THOUSAND. [He was trained and inculcated to oppose Christianity, the Reformation and the Historic Greek Text of the New Testament].

95)). That would mean changing the words of the New Testament in Six Thousand places. 

Some changes made involve taking out verses out of the Bible. Some changes involve only removing a portion of a verse, even though this changes and alters the meaning of that verse. Other changes involve doctrinal changes. Many of these changes involve changing the nature of the Deity of Jesus Christ. The Original passages in the Greek New Testament affirm and clarify not only that Jesus Christ is the Son of God, but Also that Jesus Christ is Divine. The changes that are being made destroy (eliminate) the uniqueness of Jesus Christ. In the new versions and the revised versions (revised translation), Jesus Christ is still Divine, only no longer in a Unique Way. In many of the New Versions, Jesus Christ is still the Son of God, only not any longer in a manner that affirms that He is a Son of God in a manner that no one else can become that kind or that manner of the Son of God. 


96.)) The point of the modern [false] translation is not to communicate to you about the exclusive Deity of Jesus Christ. Many of the New and revised translations are designed to imply that Yes, Jesus is Divine but YOU can be divine also. And when people read this who do not understand Christian theology, the implication they accept is that they are being told that they are divine IN THE SAME WAY and in the same MANNER that JESUS CHRIST was divine. Since that is not true nor accurate, the modern versions are actually being used to communicate the opposite message of what they were intended to convey. IN that sense, those modern translations and revisions are communicating a False Gospel and a Different Christ. 

97.)) The Newer versions may discuss A Christ, but not the same one as the Earlier Greek New Testaments in use until the 1800s. In many of the New Translations of the Bible, A Christ, one Christ is emerging, but it is NOT the Christ of God. 

98.)) Other changes involved changing the context or the nature of the Blood of Christ. It is the Blood of Christ and his Death and Resurrection that saves all Christians from their Sins. But the new translations are omitting and changing references to the Blood of Jesus Christ, so that this is a topic that is barely mentioned and usually not discussed, even in the New Testament. 

99.)) As a result, people do not understand the nature of the sacrifice of Jesus Christ, nor the exclusive (unique) nature of his Sacrifice. The point about the Death of Jesus Christ is not simply His willingness to Die. The point about Jesus Christ and His unique nature is that – as a result of that Nature and as a result of THAT blood, the result of His Death was HIS RESURRECTION 
(Yes, His Physical Bodily Actual Genuine Resurrection – not symbolic, but ACTUAL). 


100.)) Other Changes involve changes to the last book of the New Testament often called the Book of Revelation. 

We expect changes to this verse or to its context in the newer Editions (more changes are made not only with each Revision, but in some cases with simply a new Printing). 


Revelations 13: 16 And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads:
17 And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name.
18 Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six. [666]

The whole point of that verse is to warn people of the dangers of a system of identification, that will appear to bring them peace and safety, but is actually intended to deny them the personal ability to have and receive Eternal Life. Those who accept to take that mark are not able to ever enter into Heaven, and are lost forever. A strong warning is given about accepting to take that Mark in Revelations 14:9

¡¦..If any man worship the beast and his image, and receive his mark in his forehead, or in his hand,
10 The same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured out without mixture into the cup of his indignation;

(those who want the full warning can read the text in their own version, if it is an accurate one).



There is a solution. 



101)). The Solution to the False Text produced by Textual Critics

The solution is to return to the New Testament in Greek and in German (and other languages ) BEFORE it was changed and altered. 

102.)) By going back to the older and accurate versions, we can recover the accurate Greek Text, learn what it says and discover the spiritual power and encouragement that so many of us have been attempting to find for so many years. 


Editions of the New Testament – Ancient Greek Editions and Foreign Language (non-English) Editions. 


103.)) There are 3 primary lines of division when approaching the study of Translations of the Bible and/or the New Testament. 

And there are questions that those interested in Bible Translation or the History of Translations of the New Testament should be trying to learn the answers to (we list many of those questions here further below).


104.)) It needs to be said that almost any study of the Translation or the Process of Translation of any New Testament or Gospel or Portion of the Bible, or Bible will begin with the study of the Translators who began this task of translating from the Greek into the Translated Language. 

Almost all of these projects involve English in some way: Either the Translators were English or American, or they were sponsored or helped by Bible Societies that were English or American. 

105.)) This is true not because Americans are so good, or because those in England are so good. That is not the case, unless the cause of that goodness is Jesus Christ. What is true is that some nations are able to have access to the Gospel and the New Testament before other nations. It is the responsibility of whoever obtains the information first to share it with others. Therefore the result is that those in England (and others in Germany it needs to be stated) were acting with wisdom and good motives in their attempts to distribute accurate copies of the New Testament around the world. 

106.)) Many of those Translations and mission projects accomplished much good work. Many of those translators produced accurate, good, and reliable translations. This is usually true of most translations (Foreign / Non-English) until around 1855. 

107.)) We find that there are many controversies, disputes, and controversies that begin to engulf the Bible Societies in the 1800s. In some cases, this resulted in the creation of Rival Bible Societies. In other cases, it resulted in both private and public disputes. In other cases, the disputes were addressed from a doctrinal perspective in the form of books or articles. In other cases, certain translators undertook projects on their own initiative with their own funds. Many Translators had previously done this in any case, and produced excellent and accurate translations. 

108.)) It should be noted that most of these translators had advanced academic degrees and were already fluent in Greek before beginning any work in Translation. It is their credibility that was added to the Bible Societies, not the reverse. 


109.)) There are 3 primary lines of division when approaching the study of Translations of the Bible and/or the New Testament.

110.)) The first line of Division in Bible Translation is 1881

This is the year (1881/1882) when Westcott and Hort produced their Corrupted and Invented work known as their own Invented Koine Greek Text of the New Testament. 

111.)) The official title of this False Greek Text is the Revised Version of 1881. It is Westcott and Hort who decide which Greek texts to alter and change in their New Testament. For the most part, they followed the work of Codex Vaticanus and Sinaiticus, which are themselves false and counterfeit. Those 2 Codex contradict each other in more than 2000 places. 

It is one thing to allege or assert that these two Codex contradict each other. It is a different matter to produce or provide the proof. 

112. )) The proof can be found in a Line-by-line exposition by an Excellent Christian Scholar by the name of Hoskier, Herman Hoskier. It is his 2 Volume Work ¡°Codex B and Its Allies¡± which provides the proof and documentation for the unreliability and contractions between Codex Sinaiticus and Codex Vaticanus. 

113.)) It should be noted that assertions about Westcott and Hort produce their own controversies and confusion in some cases. Many people do not realize that Westcott and Hort in 1881 produced TWO EDITIONS of the New Testament:

One Edition was in the English Language, (the Revised Version of 1881), 

The Second Edition was in Koine Greek. 


Both were printed and available to the public by 1881

114.)) They [Westcott and Hort] ALSO produced a third Edition: The Third Edition was called the American Standard Version. That is a nice Title for a work produced using the Text of Westcott and Hort in England. 

The American Standard Version was supervised by Philip Schaff who is a [Pro-Vatican] Textual Critic. It was not released until 1901, although the translation work was accomplished 20 years earlier with the active correspondence and assistance of Westcott and Hort through the process. 



The Second Line of Division in Bible Translation is 1904

115.)) It was in 1904 that the British and Foreign Bible Society decided – officially – to abandon the historic Text known as the Textus Receptus, which is the standard historic Greek Text of the Christian Bible. 

116.)) A German Textual Critic by the name of Nestle had been working earlier (in Germany) as a student of Tischendorf. By 1904, Nestle had already produced his own corrupted replacement for the historic Greek Text used by Christians. This was accomplished by 1898 and was specifically designed to overthrow historic Christianity. 

117.)) Nestle based his own false text on the Text of 1) Westcott and Hort and 2) Tischendorf, his former mentor. Nestle worked with Tregelles (an English Textual Critic who was misled) for 2 years in order to convince the British and Foreign Bible Society to adopt the Nestle Greek New Testament as the basis to replace the Textus Receptus.